As the capital city of the Kingdom of Thailand, Bangkok is a rapidly expanding metropolis, with a high population concentration of more than 10 million people, coupled with rapid urbanization resulting in insufficient infrastructure. Also, Bangkok has generated a large amount of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions due to accelerated economic activities leading to global warming and climate change. Bangkok is very much aware of the challenges of climate change, including increased risks of natural disasters. The Bangkok Metropolitan Administration (BMA) initiated its work on climate change as early as 2007 by implementing the Bangkok Action Plan on Global Warming Mitigation 2007-2012 which has been succeed by the Bangkok Master Plan on Climate Change 2013-2023 under cooperation between Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) and Yokohama City.

          However, it cannot deny the fact that climate change impacts have increasingly intensified. The global community has cooperated to accelerate climate action. Paris Agreement was adopted at the COP21 conference in 2015 in Paris, France with the aim of strengthening the global response to the threat of climate change by limiting a global temperature rise this century well below 1.5 – 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels. Under Paris Agreement, the Parties need to arrange and communicate Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) to the UNFCC. The target for GHG mitigation at 20 – 25 per cent by 2030 and the essence of climate change implementation after 2020 have been submitted by the Royal Thai government after endorsing by Thailand’s cabinet. To respond to the global and national policy, BMA, serves as the local government for the capital city of Thailand, has agreed to develop the Bangkok Master Plan on Climate Change 2021-2030 and the process